#48: 20 Types of Diplomacy | Free Notes
A compilation of imp definitions for GS2 Diplomacy
20 types of diplomacy keywords which will fetch you extra marks in UPSC Mains and State PCS
1. Civilizational Diplomacy🙏🏻
With decline of west, Civilization states will see a fresh leadership role in the world.
"An upgrade of the Civilizational past and links will help aid the diplomatic battled"
eg: Think of Kushinagar airport and its impact in Buddhist countries.
2. Energy Diplomacy🛢️⛽
Our energy dependency is widely known. Despite new investments in renewables & blending, we are still years away from atmanirbharta.
"Indian diplomacy shall add arrows of energy diplomacy in our quiver"
eg Oil deals with Russia despite the USA sanctions
3. Infrastructure Diplomacy🏗️👷
China's global rise is riding on back of Infra diplomacy.
As India awakes to the threat, the investments by state and private partnerships reflect a head start in Infra Diplomacy. eg: Adani's rising global infra footprint
4. Wildlife Diplomacy🦁🐅
One area of cooperation builds goodwill to have two partners explore other dimensions. Wildlife, for India, is that first step.
Cheetah's from Namibia, Gaurs to Sri Lanka, Tigers to Cambodia are such initiatives.
5. Sports diplomacy🚴🏻♂️🤽🏻🏋🏻
Recurring international medals attract the global interest. Stories of sportspersons are undeclared Indian ambassadors abroad
eg Chinese domination allows them to offer athlete training as unique proposition on diplomatic tables (among other benefits)
6. Disaster Diplomacy🌊
Indian efforts in events of neighborhood disasters & global preparation
eg: a) Indian response to Nepal Earthquake
b) Interactions b/w PM Modi and his Pak counterpart in context of floods
c) CDRI initiative
7. Vaccine Diplomacy💉
"Vaccine Maitri earned India great good will, broke Vaccine Nationalism monopoly, and restrengthened 'Global Pharmacy' image.
101 countries beneficiaries till Oct 19 2022 (source: MEA website)
8. Space Diplomacy🚀🧑🚀
- Launch of foreign satellites by ISRO
- ISRO's commercial arm (Antrix & NSIL) to deal with private sector
eg: Launch of UAE's nano satellites by India
9. Academic/Intellectual Diplomacy🎓🧑🎓
IIT campuses abroad (other institutes are in pipeline)
- IIT Madras: Tanzania campus
- IIT Delhi: Abu Dhabi campus
- IIT Kharagpur: Malaysia campus
BITS, Amity University etc. already have overseas campuses
10. Diaspora Diplomacy🧑🤝🧑👪
"Collective action driven by country's diaspora influencing the host's culture, economics, and politics in a mutually beneficial manner for homeland and new home base"
eg: Influence of Indian diaspora in economy, polity and society of western countries
11. Mediation Diplomacy🤝
Policies of third state to eliminate problems created by actions of first 2.
eg: Turkey's role in Black Sea initiative to ship wheat midst Ukraine war
12. Civil Diplomacy 📜✒️
Diplomatic activities individually by non-official representatives of countries.
eg: Writers' and academicians on international platforms, doctors sans borders etc.
13. Shuttle Diplomacy ✈️
Henry Kissinger's methods of using 'ease of transportation' to solve problems of Middle East.
eg: India's refueling of US airplanes amidst Gulf crisis in exchange of much needed loans in 1991
14. Silent Diplomacy 🤫
A common method practiced by smaller states in the changing discourse of geopolitical situations.
eg: African countries staying away from Ukraine crisis owing to financial reasons (and lacking diplomatic power to make a difference)
15. Cultural Diplomacy 🛕
Use of soft power to lead the discourse and have other countries behave a certain way that the first country wants.
5 subheads: Cultural Traditions, Religion, Social Structure, Economic System, Art Space. eg: K-Pop, Buddhism, American culture via movies
16. Coercive Diplomacy 💪
No war but no peace! eg: US's sanctions, Chinese wolf-warrior etc.
17. Secret Diplomacy 🤐
Methods implied away from media and public eye to achieve the objectives in national interest. eg: India-Pak ceasefire was a result of secret diplomacy
18. Toothless Diplomacy 🦷
All words and no action; this form of diplomacy involves accusations with no substance. However, the respondent needs to be vigil. eg: USA describes N. Korea's nuclear threat as a 'toothless' form of diplomacy
19. Hard Diplomacy 🥌
Machiavellian way of diplomacy with three types today: Military intervention, Economic sanctions, Repressive diplomacy. eg: Taiwan blockade by China post Nancy Pelosi's visit
20. Humanitarian Diplomacy🏥
Humanitarian aid(s) in moment of crisis for the country in crisis by a 'generous' donor
eg: Indian aid to Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles etc. in pandemic
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