#242: Ancient Foreign Travellers

One resource, revise it all in one place!!!

All ancient foreign travelers in this🧵

Learn in one place from my PYQs based notes😉

1. Marco Polo

• Italian merchant in Kakatiya & Pandya Kingdom

• Describes economic conditions of then south India

• Emphasized on Motupalli port of Kakatiyas

2. Ibn Battuta

• Morroccon in India during rein of Md. Bin Tughlaq

• Speaks of fertility of soil, book: REHLA

• Mentioned socio-economic conditions u/ Tughlaq

3. Nicolo Conti

• Venetian (Italy) in Vijaynagara empire (Deva Raya I)

• Termed Telugu to be 'Italian of east'

• Mentioned about Indian festivals, polygamy & Sati

4. Abdur Razzak

• Persian ambassador in India

• During rein of Deva Raya II & Zamorin of Calicut

• Speaks of wealth & life in Vijaynagar claiming that

"pupil of eye has never seen a place like it while no ear has ever been informed of anything equal to it"

5. Nikitin

• Russian in court of Md. Bahmani III & Vijaynagara

• Describes Deccan in book "Voyage Beyond 3 seas"

• Speaks about class disparities in Bahmani Kingdom

6. Al-Beruni

• Persian in India with Mahmud Ghazni

• Book Tahqiq-i-hind; first Muslim scholar to study India

7. Captain William Hawkins 1609

• Led 1st EIC expedition to India

• Took king's letter to Jehangir

• Got no permission to start factory

8. Thomas Roe 1615

• Diplomat for Jehangir

• Sought Surat factory protection

• Journal of Mission to the Mughal Empire: Book

11/12. Barbosa & Domingo Paes

• Both Portuguese during Krishna Deva Raya

13. Nuniz (Q in 2021)

• Protuguese during rein of Achyut Deva Raya

Other CSEWhy resources for #UPSC PRE24

• Bhakti Saints with maps & mnemonics

• 20 imp. caves for Pre24

• Species in PYQs

• More Free PDF resources

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