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Learn all about PVTGs here๐งต
This term is an innovation of 21st century!๐ฎ
With PM JANMAN, PVTGs are back in news
Why? Socha Kabhi?๐ค
The answer lies in historic 'injustice'
First thing first, how is a tribe decided to be PVTG?
โข Use of pre-agrarian tech
โข Extreme low level of literacy
โข Practice hunting & gathering
โข Zero/negative population growth
Second, history
โข Dhebar Commission (1960-61)
a) Observed that "Within STs exist an inequality in rate of development"
b) This gave birth to idea of primitive tribes within STs
โข 1973: Primitive Tribal Group
PM Indira Gandhi referred to the Dhebar Commission report
Result?
Primitive Tribal Group (PTGs) described as a sub-category within STs
โข 2006: PTGs to PVTGs
PM Manmohan Singh govt. gave a further impetus to protect the rights of vulnerables as PVTGs
Third, stats
โข 75 tribes are PVTGs out of 705 STs
โข PVTGs in 18 states & UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Note: Most PVTGs are in Odisha (13)
Fourth, Challenges
Think of it yourself๐ก
We are talking about most backward among backwards
If you are a serious aspirant,
you can already think of some issues like:
โข Limited basic services & discrimination
โข Lack of exposure & loss of livelihoods
โข Vulnerabilities to natural disasters
โข Poor political representation
โข Exploitation by middlemen
Now that election cycle is heating up,
PM Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan
(PM-JANMAN)
..is set to take govt. schemes to PVTG habitations via 9 ministries๐คฏ
What all does it offer?
โข Govt. will develop a Human Development Index for PVTGs
โข Involves PVTGs in decision making and societal issues
โข Relaxed guidelines for infrastructure
What more can be done with this opportunity?
Other than taking Flagship schemes to the PVTGs,
here are some suggestions to help PVTGs better:
a) Accurate Identification & Recognition
โข Recognize the repetitive name & create accurate database
โข Focus on conducting conducive anthropological surveys
b) Bottom-up approach
โข Recognize that there's no 'one-size-fits-all' approach
โข Further customize the solution to address land rights, society & cultural preservation
c) Livelihood promotion
โข Focus on skill development programs
โข Encourage traditional vocational education
โข Bring right marketing through TRIFED & other initiatives
d) Health, nutrition & education
โข Encourage traditional medicine knowledge
โข Customized health solutions to make lives easier
โข Incentives to professionals working in PVTG habitations
e) Infrastructure development
โข Extend benefits in schemes like PMGSY, PMAY, etc.
โข Relax guidelines for infra schemes to ensure last mile delivery
Closing note:
National Advisory Council advised in 2013 to conduct a separate census & include population figures, status of education, health and housing