#204: PVTGs | One single resource
Revise it all here | GS2 Polity & Prelims
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Learn all about PVTGs here🧵
This term is an innovation of 21st century!😮
With PM JANMAN, PVTGs are back in news
Why? Socha Kabhi?🤔
The answer lies in historic 'injustice'
First thing first, how is a tribe decided to be PVTG?
• Use of pre-agrarian tech
• Extreme low level of literacy
• Practice hunting & gathering
• Zero/negative population growth
Second, history
• Dhebar Commission (1960-61)
a) Observed that "Within STs exist an inequality in rate of development"
b) This gave birth to idea of primitive tribes within STs
• 1973: Primitive Tribal Group
PM Indira Gandhi referred to the Dhebar Commission report
Result?
Primitive Tribal Group (PTGs) described as a sub-category within STs
• 2006: PTGs to PVTGs
PM Manmohan Singh govt. gave a further impetus to protect the rights of vulnerables as PVTGs
Third, stats
• 75 tribes are PVTGs out of 705 STs
• PVTGs in 18 states & UT of Andaman & Nicobar Islands
Note: Most PVTGs are in Odisha (13)
Fourth, Challenges
Think of it yourself💡
We are talking about most backward among backwards
If you are a serious aspirant,
you can already think of some issues like:
• Limited basic services & discrimination
• Lack of exposure & loss of livelihoods
• Vulnerabilities to natural disasters
• Poor political representation
• Exploitation by middlemen
Now that election cycle is heating up,
PM Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan
(PM-JANMAN)
..is set to take govt. schemes to PVTG habitations via 9 ministries🤯
What all does it offer?
• Govt. will develop a Human Development Index for PVTGs
• Involves PVTGs in decision making and societal issues
• Relaxed guidelines for infrastructure
What more can be done with this opportunity?
Other than taking Flagship schemes to the PVTGs,
here are some suggestions to help PVTGs better:
a) Accurate Identification & Recognition
• Recognize the repetitive name & create accurate database
• Focus on conducting conducive anthropological surveys
b) Bottom-up approach
• Recognize that there's no 'one-size-fits-all' approach
• Further customize the solution to address land rights, society & cultural preservation
c) Livelihood promotion
• Focus on skill development programs
• Encourage traditional vocational education
• Bring right marketing through TRIFED & other initiatives
d) Health, nutrition & education
• Encourage traditional medicine knowledge
• Customized health solutions to make lives easier
• Incentives to professionals working in PVTG habitations
e) Infrastructure development
• Extend benefits in schemes like PMGSY, PMAY, etc.
• Relax guidelines for infra schemes to ensure last mile delivery
Closing note:
National Advisory Council advised in 2013 to conduct a separate census & include population figures, status of education, health and housing
